5 lessonsAbout 36 minutesNo CE or licensure credit

Personal care and the physical needs of older adults

Five short lessons for RCFE caregivers: how aging changes daily care, help with bathing, dressing, grooming and toileting with dignity and choice, skin care and early signs of skin breakdown, falls prevention and safe moves, and eating, drinking and when to report a change.

Written for

  • Caregivers and aides
  • Facility and direct-care teams
Course version
2026.10.4
Text checked against its sources

Before you begin

What you will be able to do

  • Give help with bathing, dressing, grooming or toileting that keeps the resident's privacy, dignity and choices, and lets the resident do each step they can.
  • Spot early signs of skin breakdown during daily care and report them early through the facility procedure, without treating the skin or naming a stage.
  • Find and fix common fall hazards, and help a resident stand or move only as the plan, your training and the facility procedure direct.
  • Offer meals, snacks and fluids as the plan allows, and report a change in eating, drinking, weight or function with the facts the listener needs.

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In this course

  1. How aging changes daily careAbout 7 minutes · Not yet
  2. Bathing, dressing, grooming and toileting with dignityAbout 7 minutes · Not yet
  3. Skin care and early signs of skin breakdownAbout 7 minutes · Not yet
  4. Falls prevention and safe movesAbout 7 minutes · Not yet
  5. Eating, drinking and when to report a changeAbout 8 minutes · Not yet
  6. Course check · 10 questions0 of 5 lessons done

Sources

Sources behind this course

Each lesson lists the sources it uses. Open the original for the exact rule, form or instruction that applies to your work. The source library describes each one in more detail.

California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

Title 22, section 87101: Definitions

The RCFE definitions used here: basic services, care and supervision (help with dressing, grooming, bathing and hygiene; monitoring food intake), responsible person and significant change in condition.

Where to look: Subdivisions (b)(2), (c)(3), (r)(6) and (s)(4).

Open section 87101 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

Title 22, California Code of Regulations, section 87464: Basic services

The basic services every RCFE must give, including independence and self-direction, meals and snacks, personal help with daily living tasks, and regular observation.

Where to look: Subdivisions (a) to (d) and (f)(1) to (f)(5).

Open section 87464 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

California Code of Regulations, title 22, section 87466 (Observation of the resident)

Regular observation for changes in physical, mental, emotional and social functioning; documenting changes and bringing them to the physician and responsible person.

Where to look: The whole section (one paragraph).

Open section 87466 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

California Code of Regulations, title 22, section 87307 (Personal accommodations and services)

Privacy in toilet, bath and shower areas, and the space and safety rules: nonslip material on rugs, handrails and lighting, night lights and clear passageways.

Where to look: Subdivisions (c) and (d).

Open section 87307 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

Title 22, section 87468.1: Personal rights of residents in all facilities

Dignity, freedom from punishment and humiliation, own clothes and toilet articles, and the right to receive or reject care.

Where to look: Subdivisions (a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(12), (a)(16) and (b)(6).

Open section 87468.1 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

California Code of Regulations, title 22, section 87468.2 (Additional personal rights of residents in privately operated facilities)

Privacy in personal care and the right to make choices about daily life.

Where to look: Subdivisions (a)(1) and (a)(6).

Open section 87468.2 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

California Code of Regulations, title 22, section 87555 (General food service requirements)

Three meals a day, between-meal snacks, culture and food habits, modified diets, food cut or ground as needed, and adaptive devices for eating.

Where to look: Subdivision (b), paragraphs (1), (3), (4), (5), (7), (10) and (34).

Open section 87555 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

California Code of Regulations, title 22, section 87625 (Managed incontinence)

Scheduled toileting rather than diapering, clean and dry care, regular skin checks, privacy, and fluids not withheld to control incontinence.

Where to look: Subdivision (b).

Open section 87625 on Cornell LII
California CDSS (regulation text on Cornell LII)

California Code of Regulations, title 22, section 87631 (Healing wounds)

A stage one or two pressure injury is diagnosed and cared for by a physician or appropriately skilled professional, and documented.

Where to look: Subdivision (a)(3).

Open section 87631 on Cornell LII
California Legislature

Health and Safety Code section 1569.625

The forty initial and twenty annual training hours for RCFE staff who help with activities of daily living, the dementia hours inside them, the topic list and the exemptions.

Where to look: Subdivisions (b), (c) and (d).

Open section 1569.625 on the Legislature’s site
National Institute on Aging (NIH)

Falls and Fractures in Older Adults: Causes and Prevention

How often older adults fall, what causes falls, steps to prevent them, assistive devices, and what to do after a fall.

Where to look: What causes falls, Steps to take to prevent falls, and the steps after a fall.

Open the NIA falls page
National Institute on Aging (NIH)

Skin Care and Aging

How skin changes with age, dry skin, bruises, and how caregivers can help keep skin healthy and prevent pressure sores.

Where to look: How does skin change, Dry skin, Bruises, and the caregiver section.

Open the NIA skin care page
National Institute on Aging (NIH)

Alzheimer's Caregiving: Bathing, Dressing, and Grooming

Tips for helping a person with dementia bathe, dress and groom with dignity and as much independence as possible.

Where to look: The bathing, dressing and grooming sections.

Open the NIA bathing and dressing page
National Institute on Aging (NIH)

Care in the Last Stages of Alzheimer's Disease

Moving a person safely, help with eating and swallowing, and skin and pressure-sore care.

Where to look: The sections on moving, eating, swallowing and skin care.

Open the NIA late-stage care page
National Institute on Aging (NIH)

Urinary Incontinence in Older Adults

What urinary incontinence is and its types, including trouble reaching the toilet in time.

Where to look: The opening paragraph and the types of incontinence.

Open the NIA incontinence page
National Institute on Aging (NIH)

AgePage: Healthy Eating After 50 (2019)

Changes in taste, smell and chewing, and why older adults should drink before they feel thirsty.

Where to look: Problems older adults have with eating, and Do older adults need to drink water?

Open the NIA healthy eating sheet (PDF)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Postural Hypotension: What It Is and How to Manage It (STEADI)

What postural hypotension is, its symptoms, when they happen, and how to change position safely.

Where to look: Both pages of the brochure.

Open the CDC postural hypotension brochure (PDF)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Family Caregivers: Protect Your Loved Ones from Falling (STEADI)

What caregivers can do: speak up about falls, keep moving, eyes and feet, and a safe home.

Where to look: The Take Action page.

Open the CDC caregiver brochure (PDF)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Older Adult Falls Data

How often older adults fall, how few tell their doctor, and fear of falling.

Where to look: The facts about older adult falls.

Open the CDC falls data page
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Clinical Safety: Hand Hygiene for Healthcare Workers

When to clean hands, when to use soap and water, alcohol-based hand rub, and gloves.

Where to look: The moments for hand hygiene and the gloves section.

Open the CDC hand hygiene page
Call the ALW teamFit check